Complete Blood Count with ESR (CBC with ESR)

A Complete Blood Count with Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (CBC with ESR) is a comprehensive blood test that evaluates various components of the blood, providing crucial insights into overall health and detecting potential medical conditions. The CBC component measures parameters such as red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), and platelets, helping to diagnose conditions like anemia, infections, and blood disorders. The ESR, on the other hand, assesses the rate at which red blood cells settle at the bottom of a test tube over a specified period, serving as a non-specific marker of inflammation in the body. Elevated ESR levels can indicate the presence of inflammatory conditions, infections, or malignancies, but further testing is usually required to pinpoint the exact cause. Together, the CBC with ESR provides a comprehensive overview of hematological health and inflammatory status, aiding healthcare providers in diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating treatment efficacy. Regular testing is essential for individuals with chronic conditions or those at risk for hematological issues, supporting timely intervention and management.

Fasting Blood Glucose

Fasting blood glucose is a test that measures the level of glucose in your blood after an overnight fast of at least 8 hours. This test is essential for assessing how well your body manages blood sugar levels and is commonly used to diagnose and monitor diabetes and prediabetes. Normal fasting blood glucose levels typically range from 70 to 99 mg/dL. Levels between 100 and 125 mg/dL indicate prediabetes, while a reading of 126 mg/dL or higher on two separate tests suggests diabetes. The test is simple and quick, requiring only a blood sample, and it helps healthcare providers determine the best approach to managing blood sugar and overall health. Regular monitoring of fasting blood glucose is crucial for those at risk of or living with diabetes to prevent complications and ensure effective management.

Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c)

Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a blood test that measures the average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It provides insight into long-term glucose control and is a key indicator for managing diabetes. HbA1c reflects the percentage of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen, that has glucose attached to it. Normal HbA1c levels are generally below 5.7%. A result between 5.7% and 6.4% indicates prediabetes, while a level of 6.5% or higher on two separate tests is diagnostic for diabetes. This test is especially useful for monitoring the effectiveness of diabetes treatment and making necessary adjustments. Unlike daily blood glucose tests, which can fluctuate, HbA1c offers a more stable view of glucose management over time, making it an essential tool for patients and healthcare providers in the management of diabetes.

FSH LH Prolactin

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and Prolactin are critical hormones involved in regulating reproductive health in both women and men. FSH is primarily responsible for stimulating the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles in women and supporting spermatogenesis in men. LH plays a vital role in triggering ovulation and stimulating the production of progesterone in women, while in men, it stimulates testosterone production. Prolactin, produced by the pituitary gland, is primarily known for its role in milk production during breastfeeding, but it also influences menstrual cycle regulation and reproductive health. Measuring the levels of these hormones can provide valuable insights into various conditions, such as infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and pituitary disorders. Normal ranges for these hormones can vary based on age, sex, and the phase of the menstrual cycle in women. Abnormal levels may indicate hormonal imbalances, necessitating further evaluation and treatment. Regular monitoring of FSH, LH, and Prolactin is essential for individuals facing reproductive challenges, as it helps guide diagnosis and therapeutic interventions to support fertility and overall reproductive health.

Free Thyroid Profile (Free TFT) [Free T3, Free T4, Free TSH]

A Free Thyroid Profile (Free TFT) measures the unbound, active forms of thyroid hormones—Free T3 (triiodothyronine) and Free T4 (thyroxine)—as well as Free TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) to assess thyroid function more precisely. Unlike total T3 and T4, which can be influenced by protein levels in the blood, Free T3 and Free T4 provide a clearer picture of the hormones that are available to the body's tissues. Abnormal levels of these hormones can indicate conditions such as hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or thyroid disorders. By evaluating the Free Thyroid Profile, healthcare providers can more accurately diagnose and manage thyroid-related health issues, ensuring appropriate treatment strategies for patients.

Estradiol (E2)

Estradiol (E2) is a potent form of estrogen, a key hormone involved in the regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics. Produced primarily in the ovaries, estradiol plays a critical role in the menstrual cycle, influencing ovulation, endometrial growth, and overall fertility. It is also involved in various bodily functions, including bone health, cardiovascular health, and mood regulation. Estradiol levels fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle, peaking just before ovulation and declining afterward. Testing estradiol levels can be important for diagnosing hormonal imbalances, menstrual irregularities, and conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or menopause-related symptoms. In men, estradiol is present in lower levels and is important for regulating libido and bone health. Monitoring estradiol is essential for both reproductive health and overall hormonal balance.

Blood Grouping with Rh Type

Blood grouping with Rh typing is a crucial laboratory test that determines an individual's blood type based on the presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells. The two primary components of blood typing are the ABO system and the Rh factor. The ABO system categorizes blood into four main groups: A, B, AB, and O, depending on the presence of A and B antigens. The Rh factor is an additional antigen, with the most common type being the Rh(D) antigen; individuals are classified as either Rh-positive (presence of the antigen) or Rh-negative (absence of the antigen). This testing is essential for various medical procedures, including blood transfusions, organ transplants, and prenatal care. Accurate blood typing ensures compatibility between donors and recipients, reducing the risk of serious transfusion reactions. Furthermore, Rh typing is particularly important during pregnancy, as an Rh-negative mother carrying an Rh-positive baby may develop antibodies that could harm the fetus. Regular blood grouping and Rh typing are fundamental components of safe medical practice, providing critical information for patient management and treatment planning.